TXA

A synthetic derivative of an amino acid. It was originally used in medicine to help with blood clotting.

Key Skincare Benefit: Its main superpower is reducing hyperpigmentation (dark spots). This includes: 
Melasma: Stubborn patches of discoloration, often hormone-related.
Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH): Dark spots left after acne breakouts, injuries, or inflammation.
Sun Spots/Age Spots: Discoloration caused by sun exposure.
General Uneven Skin Tone: Brightens the overall complexion.

How it Works: It interferes with the process where skin cells and pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) communicate, essentially blocking the signals that lead to excess melanin (pigment) production. It also has mild anti-inflammatory properties, which can help calm pigmentation caused by inflammation.

Gentle: Unlike some other strong brightening agents, TXA is generally well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive skin.
How to Use: Often found in serums or spot treatments. It can be used once or twice daily. Always follow with sunscreen during the day, as sun exposure is a major trigger for hyperpigmentation.

Pairs Well With: Often combined with Vitamin C, Niacinamide, and Retinoids for enhanced brightening effects